Islamic Leadership in Modern Organizations: A Literature Review of a Leadership Model Based on Sharia Values

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the concept of Islamic Leadership in modern organizations and identify Sharia values that can serve as the foundation for developing an ethical, professional, adaptive, and maslahah-oriented leadership model. Changes in the organizational environment, characterized by technological development, globalization, business competition, workforce diversity, and increasing demands for transparency, require a leadership model that is not only performance-oriented but also grounded in strong moral and spiritual foundations. This study employs a library research method using a qualitative and descriptive-analytical approach. The research data were obtained from scholarly journal articles, academic books, previous research findings, and literature related to Islamic Leadership, Islamic management, ethical leadership, prophetic leadership, and modern organizations. The analysis was conducted through the identification, classification, comparison, and synthesis of relevant concepts and findings. The results indicate that Islamic Leadership is characterized by the values of tawhid, amanah, ‘adl, shura, sidq, ihsan, mas’uliyyah, and maslahah. These values can be translated into leadership practices through fair decision-making, honest communication, organizational participation, responsible resource management, human empowerment, and an orientation toward stakeholder interests. The study demonstrates that Islamic Leadership has strong relevance to modern organizations because it integrates professional competence with moral integrity and spiritual responsibility. Thus, Islamic Leadership should not merely be understood as a normative concept, but also as a leadership model that can be contextualized within modern organizational governance while maintaining Sharia values.