Reconstruction of Cultural Psychology Based on Islamic Spirituality: An Integrative Model of Human Behavior in a Multicultural Context

Abstract

The development of cultural psychology has expanded the understanding of human behavior by emphasizing the role of cultural context in shaping identity, cognition, emotion, motivation, and social interaction. However, contemporary cultural psychology remains predominantly grounded in empirical paradigms and provides limited attention to spirituality as a transcendental source of meaning, moral orientation, and self-regulation. This study aims to reconstruct cultural psychology based on Islamic spirituality by developing an integrative model of human behavior in multicultural contexts. The study employs a library research approach with a conceptual analysis design. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources, including the Qur'an, Hadith, books on cultural psychology and Islamic psychology, and relevant scholarly literature. Data were analyzed using content analysis combined with thematic synthesis. The findings indicate that human behavior emerges from dynamic interactions among Islamic spiritual values, local culture, individual psychological processes, and multicultural social interactions. The resulting model positions Islamic spirituality as an epistemological foundation that integrates cultural, psychological, social, and transcendental dimensions. The model contributes theoretically by expanding the cultural psychology paradigm and practically by providing a conceptual foundation for multicultural education, cross-cultural counseling, religious moderation, and character development. Future research should empirically test the model using quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods approaches across diverse multicultural contexts.